DIAGNOSIS OF MELANOMA ( SKIN CANCER ):
A skin biopsy is usually necessary to confirm a MELANOMA diagnosis. In this procedure, the mole is removed and checked under a microscope. A skin biopsy often requires a local aesthetics.
A complete physical and ophthalmological (eye) examination should be done. Diagnostic imaging techniques such as x-ray, computed tomography (CAT scan), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET scan) and radio-isotopic bone or organ scan may be included.
TREATMENT OF MELANOMA (SKIN CANCER):
The best treatment is early detection. A quick look from a dermatologist can confirm whether a lesion is suspicious for MELANOMA. If so, the next step is to perform a biopsy. This involves numbing the area and removing the entire lesion, or a portion, which can be examined under a microscope. This simple, quick procedure is performed in the dermatologist's office. If a MELANOMA is detected, treatment is guided by how deep the MELANOMA penetrates the skin.
Treatment for MELANOMA begins with the surgical removal of the MELANOMA and some normal-looking skin around the growth. Removal of the normal-looking skin is known as taking margins, and is done to be sure no MELANOMA is left behind.
Deeper MELANOMAs are more likely to reach a blood vessel or lymphatic channel and spread. When a MELANOMA spreads, it goes to the lymph nodes first. The lymph nodes are part of the lymphatic system, a series of vessels throughout the body that are responsible for cleaning the body's tissue. Different lymph nodes serve different parts of the body. It may be possible to find the MELANOMA in the lymph node before it goes any further. A procedure called a sentinel lymph node biopsy is a way of identifying and testing the first lymph node into which the MELANOMA drains. The decision to perform a sentinel lymph node biopsy is based on how deep the MELANOMA is in the skin & how likely it is to have spread.
An open lymph node biopsy may also be done. This is the surgical removal of the lymph nodes which are examined under a microscope.
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